﻿{"id":4848,"date":"2020-03-02T05:09:04","date_gmt":"2020-03-02T05:09:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/?p=4848"},"modified":"2020-03-02T08:44:47","modified_gmt":"2020-03-02T08:44:47","slug":"prednaska-arteterapie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/prednaska-arteterapie\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka: arteterapie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u011bco m\u00e1lo o arteterapii, sepsala Emile Rudolfov\u00e1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ateli\u00e9r arteterapie Psychiatrick\u00e9 nemocnici v Krom\u011b\u0159\u00ed\u017ei. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Projektivn\u00ed arteterapie ve skupin\u011b je jedenkr\u00e1t v t\u00fddnu odpoledne. V\u00fdb\u011br do skupiny ur\u010duje psychiatr. Klienti jsou z jednoho odd\u011blen\u00ed, vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 se znaj\u00ed a jsou na sebe zvykl\u00ed. P\u0159i l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9m programu sed\u00edme nebo le\u017e\u00edme na zemi v kruhu. Nab\u00edz\u00edm t\u00e9ma a k n\u011bmu se sna\u017e\u00edme vytvo\u0159it ilustraci. Asi za 20 minut v\u00fdtvarnou pr\u00e1ci ukon\u010d\u00edme a pov\u00edd\u00e1me si o tom. Jak jsme zad\u00e1n\u00ed porozum\u011bli, jak se n\u00e1m poda\u0159ilo nakreslit \u010di namalovat, co jsme cht\u011bli. Ned\u00e1 se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, v jak\u00e9 n\u00e1lad\u011b se budeme rozch\u00e1zet. N\u011bkdy i zd\u00e1nliv\u011b lehou\u010dk\u00e9 t\u00e9ma v n\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat pro\u017eitek smutku nebo hlubok\u00e9ho zamy\u0161len\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u00e9ma \u201eM\u016fj p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eitek v\u202fl\u00e9\u010debn\u011b\u201c navozuje dojem n\u011b\u010deho pozitivn\u00edho. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b pocitu d\u016fv\u011bry v\u016f\u010di jin\u00fdm ve skupin\u011b, je klient ochotn\u00fd mluvit o tom, co se stalo p\u0159ed t\u00edm, ne\u017e si za\u017eil p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd pocit v l\u00e9\u010debn\u011b. Ostatn\u00ed to natolik ovlivn\u00ed, \u017ee se rozpov\u00eddaj\u00ed, tak\u00e9 sd\u011bluj\u00ed sv\u00e9 pro\u017eitky a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed tak dob\u0159e pracuj\u00edc\u00ed skupinu. Pokud je to vhodn\u00e9 nab\u00edz\u00edm t\u00e9mata, kter\u00e9 jsou t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed jak pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed jak v osobnosti ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, tak ve v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9m projevu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010cinnostn\u00ed arteterapie je v dopoledn\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch. Klienti doch\u00e1zej\u00ed do ateli\u00e9ru z r\u016fzn\u00fdch odd\u011blen\u00ed nemocnice a tak\u00e9 s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi pot\u00ed\u017eemi a problematikou. \u010casto se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee prvn\u00ed t\u00fddny jsou pro klienta nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, a to i pro \u0161kolen\u00e9ho v\u00fdtvarn\u00edka. Klienti nejsou omezov\u00e1ni t\u00e9maty, v\u00fdtvarnou technikou, form\u00e1tem ani intenzitou pr\u00e1ce a ka\u017ed\u00fd tvo\u0159\u00ed podle sv\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed. Z\u00e1kladem jejich arteterapeautick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce je jejich svobodn\u00e1 v\u016fle. Pokud se klient na mne obrac\u00ed a chce se mnou mluvit o sv\u00fdch probl\u00e9mech s v\u00fdtvarn\u00fdm vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00edm pro\u017eitku, je to okam\u017eik, kdy se spole\u010dn\u011b sna\u017e\u00edme naj\u00edt v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky, kter\u00e9 mu budou nejl\u00e9pe vyhovovat. Sna\u017e\u00edm se, aby m\u00e9 p\u016fsoben\u00ed na osobnost klienta nebylo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e je terapeuticky vhodn\u00e9. Pokud m\u011b u\u017e d\u00e1l nepot\u0159ebuje, tvo\u0159\u00ed samostatn\u011b, a to je v po\u0159\u00e1dku. Kdy\u017e v ateli\u00e9ru vl\u00e1dne atmosf\u00e9ra tvo\u0159ivosti a spolupr\u00e1ce, m\u00e1me se terapeuticky v\u0161ichni dob\u0159e. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed tak k pocitu bezpe\u010d\u00ed a emo\u010dn\u00edmu uvoln\u011bn\u00ed, a to je dobr\u00fd z\u00e1klad pro terapeutickou pr\u00e1ci. Kdy\u017e k tomu dojde, klient tuto atmosf\u00e9ru m\u016f\u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edt jako p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed toho, co chce. Jednou drobn\u00e1, mlad\u00e1 klientka stoj\u00ed u socha\u0159sk\u00e9ho stojanu a speci\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159edm\u011btem bu\u0161\u00ed do velk\u00e9ho kusu hl\u00edny a k\u0159i\u010d\u00ed: \u201eJ\u00e1 t\u011b zabiju, j\u00e1 t\u011b zabiju\u2026&#8220; A\u017e prvn\u00ed emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1boj opadne, zti\u0161\u00ed se, prohl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed si, co vytvo\u0159ila a ml\u010d\u00ed\u2026 Na druh\u00fd den prohl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e9 d\u00edlo, jako by se divila sama sob\u011b, co vlastn\u011b ud\u011blala. Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, a\u017e se dostate\u010dn\u011b zbav\u00ed zl\u00e9ho, \u0161patn\u00e9ho v sob\u011b, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k \u00falev\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee se v\u011bnovat leh\u010d\u00edm t\u00e9mat\u016fm a m\u00e1 tak mo\u017enost p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit se ke kr\u00e1se. Jindy ti\u0161e, s nejhlub\u0161\u00edm obdivem a \u00factou, p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017e\u00edm odvaze \u017eeny, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159estane ohl\u00ed\u017eet na mu\u017eskou spole\u010dnost a maluje z\u00e1\u017eitky ze sexu\u00e1ln\u00edho zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, zn\u00e1siln\u011bn\u00ed nebo m\u00e1 jin\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti n\u00e1sil\u00ed, kter\u00e9 natolik dozr\u00e1ly, \u017ee u\u017e d\u00e1l nen\u00ed ochotna toto zl\u00e9 tajemstv\u00ed v sob\u011b nosit. U\u017e ani nechce. Kdy\u017e je to vhodn\u00e9, nemluv\u00edm na klientku a obejmu ji. Vychutn\u00e1v\u00e1me si uzav\u0159enou spole\u010dnost a ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00ed, \u017ee kdy\u017e klient nechce na\u0161i vz\u00e1jemnost, tak si m\u016f\u017ee lehnout do kouta, kde je pel\u00ed\u0161ek s dekou, m\u016f\u017ee zav\u0159\u00edt o\u010di a ztratit se v sob\u011b, nebo si poplakat, aby to ostatn\u00ed nevid\u011bli. A\u017e se pole\u017een\u00ed nasyt\u00ed, pochvaluje si, jak mu to ud\u011blalo dob\u0159e. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dal\u0161\u00edm pozn\u00e1n\u00edm je, \u017ee sami pacienti m\u011b upozor\u0148uj\u00ed na to, \u017ee je vedu k sebepozn\u00e1n\u00ed, ale oni do zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159iberou i rodi\u010de. Takto zjistili, \u017ee p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rodi\u010de, nebo jeden z nich je citov\u011b nezral\u00e1 osobnost. Tak\u00e9 rodi\u010de z\u00e1visl\u00ed nejsou schopni vytvo\u0159it pro d\u00edt\u011b pocit bezpe\u010d\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud d\u00edt\u011b nepro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pocit bezpe\u010d\u00ed, celkov\u011b znejist\u00ed a nec\u00edt\u00ed se dob\u0159e doma, ve \u0161kole ani jinde ve sv\u011bt\u011b. \u010casto maj\u00ed tyto d\u011bti roli tzv. hodn\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte, proto\u017ee ony v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee nikam jinam nemohou, ne\u017e z\u016fstat s v\u00e1lcuj\u00edc\u00edm rodi\u010dem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nemluv\u00ed, trp\u011b p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru, kterou vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dosp\u011bl\u00ed v rodin\u011b. Mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 tady nez\u0159\u00eddka kresl\u00ed nebo maluj\u00ed autoportr\u00e9t, kdy maj\u00ed za\u0161it\u00e9 \u00fasta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Individu\u00e1ln\u00ed a \u010dinnostn\u00ed arteterapie je nejintenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed terapie je kombinac\u00ed. Individu\u00e1ln\u00ed arteterapie prob\u00edh\u00e1 1-2x v t\u00fddnu odpoledne. Klient dost\u00e1v\u00e1 arteterapeutick\u00e9 \u00fakoly, kter\u00e9 jdou \u201epod k\u016f\u017ei\u201c a jsou zam\u011b\u0159eny na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed c\u00edle. Nad zpracovan\u00fdmi \u00fakoly si pov\u00edd\u00e1me, sna\u017e\u00edme se jim porozum\u011bt, ale n\u011bkdy jsme ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00ed, proto\u017ee problematika je je\u0161t\u011b v\u00e1\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e jsme se domn\u00edvali. Klient dost\u00e1v\u00e1 hodn\u011b prostoru k tomu, aby s\u00e1m a d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e j\u00e1, pojmenoval, co je v tuto chv\u00edli v\u00fdznamn\u00e9, m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost se vypov\u00eddat ba vy\u017ealovat jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem ne\u017e slovy. T\u00e9\u017e m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost se pod\u00edvat na sv\u00e9 tr\u00e1pen\u00ed jinak ne\u017e p\u0159ed n\u00e1stupem do na\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010debny. Klienti maj\u00ed zku\u0161enost, \u017ee mnohokr\u00e1t cht\u011bli sv\u00e9 n\u00e1\u0159ky n\u011bkomu sd\u011blit, ale n\u011bjak to ne\u0161lo, zat\u00edmco kresba, malba, pap\u00edr, hl\u00edna to unesly a tr\u00e1pen\u00ed bylo venku. Nejednou mi klient sd\u011blil: \u201eTo jsem ne\u0159ekl ani panu far\u00e1\u0159ovi\u201c. Arteterapeutick\u00e1 v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f je nitern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e rozhovor. P\u0159i rozhovoru se na slova \u201enaroubuje\u201c rozum a kontrola, ale pro\u017eitek se schov\u00e1 a nen\u00ed tak ryz\u00ed jako v\u00fdtvarn\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce. V\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 n\u011bkdy tak silnou vypov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed hodnotu, \u017ee nemluv\u00edme, jen v\u0161echno nech\u00e1v\u00e1me ti\u0161e na sebe p\u016fsobit. T\u00e9\u017e c\u00edt\u00edme, \u017ee se n\u00e1\u0161 terapeutick\u00fd vztah prohloubil a vz\u00e1jemn\u00e1 otev\u0159enost je natolik dobr\u00e1, \u017ee nem\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 hranice a to je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed terapeutick\u00fd stav. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Za n\u011bjak\u00fd \u010das c\u00edt\u00ed klient fyzickou \u00falevu, ale tak\u00e9 pocit vnit\u0159n\u00ed p\u0159em\u011bny, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 velk\u00fd, ba z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na celkovou tvorbu v \u010dinnostn\u00ed arteterapii, kterou vid\u00edte na v\u00fdstav\u011b i v katalogu. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u011bco m\u00e1lo o arteterapii, sepsala Emile Rudolfov\u00e1 Ateli\u00e9r arteterapie Psychiatrick\u00e9 nemocnici v Krom\u011b\u0159\u00ed\u017ei. Projektivn\u00ed arteterapie ve skupin\u011b je jedenkr\u00e1t v t\u00fddnu odpoledne. V\u00fdb\u011br do\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4856,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4848","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fotogalerie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4848","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4848"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4848\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4863,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4848\/revisions\/4863"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4856"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4848"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4848"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/knihovna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4848"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}