{"id":30560,"date":"2018-04-03T17:50:31","date_gmt":"2018-04-03T16:50:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/?p=30560"},"modified":"2020-05-22T20:04:44","modified_gmt":"2020-05-22T19:04:44","slug":"pozvanka-prednaska","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/aktuality\/pozvanka-prednaska\/","title":{"rendered":"Pozv\u00e1nka: p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1ly a tvarov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159i\u010de<\/h3>\n

Ve st\u0159edu 11. dubna 2018, od 18.00 hodin
\nv Knihovn\u011b B\u011blov prob\u011bhne p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka o drah\u00fdch
\nkamenech s Ji\u0159\u00edm Novotn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed prezentace bude i prodej kamen\u016f a poradenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vstupn\u00e9: dobrovoln\u00e9.<\/p>\n

K\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l je bezbarv\u00e1 odr\u016fda k\u0159emene (SiO2). V\u011bt\u0161inou se vyskytuje ve form\u011b krystal\u016f v \u0161estere\u010dn\u00e9 krystalov\u00e9 soustav\u011b s tvrdost\u00ed 6,5\u20137,5 Mohsovy stupnice<\/a>. Vznik\u00e1 jako v\u011bt\u0161ina k\u0159emi\u010ditan\u016f vykrystalizov\u00e1n\u00edm z magmatu. K\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l je hojn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm kamenem ve \u0161perka\u0159stv\u00ed (v\u011bt\u0161inou s vrostlicemi), v laserov\u00e9 technice a radiotechnice, pro v\u00fdrobu optick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f a ve skl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu. Obl\u00edben\u00fd je jako sb\u00edrkov\u00fd k\u00e1men.<\/p>\n

Formy k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lu<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l je bezbarv\u00e1 odr\u016fda oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho. K\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l tvo\u0159\u00ed krystaly i jejich srostlice. Vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi \u00fatvary k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lu je \u201e\u017eezlov\u00fd k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l\u201c. Jedn\u00e1 se o krystaly, kter\u00e9 byly v pr\u016fb\u011bhu vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed krystalu na ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00edch obaleny okoln\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edm\u011bsemi a zastavily jeho r\u016fst. T\u00edm p\u00e1dem mohl r\u016fst krystalu pokra\u010dovat pouze v jedin\u00e9m bod\u011b a to na nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b-vrcholu krystalu. D\u00edky tomuto vznikl \u00fatvar tvaru \u017eezla. Tento \u00fatvar je ale sp\u00ed\u0161e charakteristick\u00fd pro ametyst, u n\u011bho\u017e je d\u016fvodem zastaven\u00ed r\u016fstu \u017eelezo, kter\u00e9 je p\u0159\u00edsadou v k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n

K\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l tak\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed vlasatce, co\u017e jsou krystaly k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lu, ve kter\u00fdch jsou vrostlice rutilu \u2013 podle jeho barvy se tento krystal naz\u00fdv\u00e1 Amorovy \u0161\u00edpy nebo Venu\u0161iny vlasy. Nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vlasatce poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z Braz\u00edlie a dol\u016f v Uralu v Rusku. Podobn\u00fd jev se vyskytuje u citr\u00ednu, kde jsou ve struktu\u0159e plynn\u00e9 nebo vodn\u00ed vrostlice a p\u0159i nasv\u00edcen\u00ed proti p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu vypadaj\u00ed jako \u201ezlat\u00fd d\u00e9\u0161\u0165\u201c.<\/p>\n

Asi t\u00edm nejhez\u010d\u00edm a nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u00fatvarem u k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lu jsou tzv. fantomy. V ur\u010dit\u00e9 etap\u011b r\u016fstu slou\u017eil k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l jako z\u00e1klad pro r\u016fst krystalk\u016f jin\u00e9ho miner\u00e1lu. Rostouc\u00ed krystal k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lu pot\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00e9 krystalky odhodil a jin\u00e9 obalil nebo vst\u0159ebal, t\u00edm p\u00e1dem se staly krystalky sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u2013 uzav\u0159eninami, ozna\u010den\u00edm r\u016fstov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny krystalu. Fantomy se vyskytuj\u00ed i v jin\u00fdch miner\u00e1lech, nap\u0159\u00edklad v kalcitu.<\/p>\n

K\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l v d\u011bjin\u00e1ch<\/span><\/p>\n

Mnoz\u00ed v\u011bdci pova\u017eovali k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l za zkamen\u011bl\u00fd led, mezi n\u011b pat\u0159il tak\u00e9 Plinius star\u0161\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b z tohoto tvrzen\u00ed bylo odvozeno slovo k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l z \u0159eck\u00e9ho v\u00fdrazu Krustallos \u2013 led. Lid\u00e9 ji\u017e v neolitu pou\u017e\u00edvali \u00falomk\u016f k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lu jako ostr\u00e9 hroty \u0161\u00edp\u016f a kop\u00ed. Podle antick\u00fdch legend bohov\u00e9 pili v\u00edno pouze z k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lov\u00fdch poh\u00e1r\u016f. Proto byly v antick\u00e9m \u0158\u00edm\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ny k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lov\u00e9 d\u017eb\u00e1ny a \u010d\u00ed\u0161e za luxusn\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty a py\u0161nili se jimi jen nejbohat\u0161\u00ed a c\u00edsa\u0159i. Pov\u00edd\u00e1 se, \u017ee c\u00edsa\u0159 Nero za\u010dal ztr\u00e1cet svoj\u00ed moc pot\u00e9, co v z\u00e1chvatu hn\u011bvu rozbil svoji sb\u00edrku k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lov\u00fdch \u010d\u00ed\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u010cir\u00fd a pr\u016fsvitn\u00fd k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1l byl od d\u00e1vn\u00fdch dob pova\u017eov\u00e1n za symbol rovnov\u00e1hy a \u010distoty a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n na talismany. K\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lov\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty se v Rusku cenily velmi vysoko. Ve zbrojnici Moskevsk\u00e9ho kremlu je ulo\u017een k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lov\u00fd samovar vybrou\u0161en\u00fd z jedin\u00e9ho kusu k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd pat\u0159il Petru I. K\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lov\u00e9 koule byly v r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00edch nezbytnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00fdch insigni\u00ed. Takov\u00e9 koule byly sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u017eezla skotsk\u00fdch kr\u00e1l\u016f nebo byly pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny samostatn\u011b jako jablko (nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00e9 jablko rusk\u00fdch car\u016f).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1ly a tvarov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159i\u010de Ve st\u0159edu 11. dubna 2018, od 18.00 hodin v Knihovn\u011b B\u011blov prob\u011bhne p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ka o drah\u00fdch kamenech s Ji\u0159\u00edm Novotn\u00fdm. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed prezentace bude i prodej kamen\u016f\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":30570,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[309],"tags":[142],"class_list":["post-30560","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","tag-knihovna-2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30560","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30560"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30560\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40241,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30560\/revisions\/40241"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/belov.cz\/obec\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}